Traps on the Road to High Income

This note outlines two different ways in which the concept has been approached since its first use 12 years ago by Gill and Kharas (2007). One has been empirical, where search is made to identify – or deny - breaks or turning points in time-series data exhibiting “growth traps” for middle-income economies. The other one, closer to the way it was originally suggested, refers to the need of policy and institutional change for a country to keep climbing the income ladder after a transition from low levels. Traps are seen as shortcomings resulting from the absence of any of those policy and institutional changes considered key to gearing up the transition from middle- to upper-income levels.

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Read more about the article Economia global passa por momento delicado, mesmo sem recessão, segundo o FMI
International Monetary Fund Managing Director Christine Lagarde speaks at the US Chamber of Commerce April 2, 2019 in Washington, DC. IMF Photo/Stephen Jaffe

Economia global passa por momento delicado, mesmo sem recessão, segundo o FMI

  Publicado em Poder 360, 05 abril 2019 Na próxima semana ocorrerá o Encontro de Primavera do Fundo Monetário Internacional (FMI) e do Banco Mundial, em Washington, neste 750 ano desde…

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Novos Desafios para as Instituições de Bretton Woods

Em seus 75 anos de história, as instituições nascidas em Bretton Woods, muitas vezes referidas como irmãs gêmeas de Bretton Woods, passaram por adaptação e transformação para responder à evolução da economia global e aos desafios por esta colocada. Mais recentemente, três mudanças na ordem internacional trouxeram um novo conjunto de desafios: o surgimento de novos polos geoeconômicos; a predominância de políticas nacionalistas sobre o multilateralismo; e a fragmentação do sistema de instituições plurinacionais.

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New Challenges Faced by the Bretton Woods Institutions

In their 75 years of existence, the twin institutions born at the Bretton Woods Conference have undergone adaptation and transformation in response to the evolution of the world economy and the challenges it has posed to them. They will have to mutate and adapt to operate in a context of institutional fragmentation and possible arm-breaks between shareholders/members to continue fulfilling their missions.

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Read more about the article How Chinese Investment in Latin America Is Changing
BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINA - NOVEMBER 30: President of the People's Republic of China Xi Jinping looks on during the plenary session on the opening day of Argentina G20 Leaders' Summit 2018 at Costa Salguero on November 30, 2018 in Buenos Aires, Argentina. (Photo by Amilcar Orfali/Getty Images)

How Chinese Investment in Latin America Is Changing

  Americas Quarterly - March 12, 2019 China's push for Latin American consumers reflects changes back home. Chinese financing in Latin America is changing. After becoming a major source of…

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China’s Growth Rebalance with Downslide

China’s economic growth has been in a downslide trend since 2011, while its economic structure has gradually rebalanced toward lower dependence on investments and current-account surpluses. Steadiness in that trajectory has been accompanied by rising levels of domestic private debt, as well as slow progress in rebalancing private and public sector roles. As the ongoing trade war with the US continues to unfold, it remains unclear at which growth pace China’s rebalancing will tend to settle.

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